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1 Scope
This international Standard specifies requirements for an environmental management system1 to enable an organization to formulate a policy and objectives taking into account legislative requirements and information about significant environmental impacts. it applies to those environmental aspects which the organization can control and over which it can be expected to have an influence. It does not itself state specific environmental performance criteria.
This international Standard is applicable to any organization that wishes to
a) implement, maintain and improve an environmental management system;
b) assure itself of its conformance with its stated environmental policy;
c) demonstrate such conformance to others;
d) seek certification/registration of its environmental management system by an external organization;
e) make a self-determination and self-declaration of conformance with this international Standard.
All the requirements in this International Standard are intended to be incorporated into any environmental management system. The extent of the application will depend on such factors as the environmental policy of the organization1 the nature of its activities and the conditions in which it operates. This International Standard also provides, in annex A, informative guidance on the use of the specification.
The scope of any application of this International Standard must be clearly identified.
NOTE - For ease of use, the subclause of the specification and annex A have related numbers; thus, for example, 4.3.3 and A.3.3 both deal with environmental objectives and targets, and 4.5.4 and A.5.4 both deal with environmental management system audit.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references at present.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard. the following definitions apply.
3.1 continual improvement
process of enhancing the environmental management system to achieve improvements in overall environmental performance in line with the organization's environmental policy.
NOTE - The process need not take place in all areas of activity simultaneously.
3.2 environment
surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora. fauna, humans, and their interrelation.
NOTE -Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization to the global system.
3.3 environmental aspect
element of an organization's activities, products or services that can interact with the environment
NOTE - A significant environmental aspect is an environmental aspect that has or can have a significant environmental impact.
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1.范圍
本標準規定了對環境管理體系的要求，使一個組織能夠根據法律要求和重大環境影響信息，制定環境方針與目標。它適用于那些可為組織所控制，以及可能希望組織對其施加影響的環境因素。但它本身并未提出具體的環境表現（行為）準則。
本標準適用于任何有下列愿望的組織：
a）實施、保持并改進環境管理體系；
b）使自己確信能符合所聲明的環境方針；
c）向外界展示符合性；
d）尋求外部組織對其環境管理體系的認證/注冊；
e）對符合本標準的情況進行自我鑒定和自我聲明。
本標準中所有的要求都適用于任何一個環境管理體系。其應用程度取決于組織的環境方針、活動性質、運行條件等因素。本標準還在附錄A中對如何使用本規范提供了提示性的指南。
對于本標準的任何應用，都應明確界定其范圍。
注:為使用方便起見，“規范”部分和附錄A中的條目采用了互相對應的序號，例如，4.3.3和A3.3的內容都是關于環境目標和指標的敘述，4.5.4和A5.4的內容都是關于環境管理體系審核等。
2. 引用標準
目前尚無引用標準。
3. 定義
下列定義適用于本標準：
3.1 持續改進
強化環境管理體系的過程，目的是根據組織的環境方針，實現對整體環境表現（行為）的改進。
注:該過程不必同時發生于活動的所有方面。
3.2 環境
組織運行活動的外部存在，包括空氣、水、土地、自然資源、植物、動物、人，以及它們之間的相互關系。
注:從這一意義上,外部存在從組織內延伸到全球系統。
3.3 環境因素
一個組織的活動、產品或服務中能與環境發生相互作用的要素。
注:重要環境因素是指具有或能夠產生重大環境影響的環境因素。
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